2025-06-09 运维 +4 数据库 Mysql 安装二进制 1660 字 8 分钟 -- 次

Centos7配置mysql多实例-mysql-5-7-42

最后更新于: 2026-08-12 21:39:19

实战：Centos7配置mysql多实例(mysql-5.7.42)-2024.4.20(测试成功)

实验环境

1centos7 1810
2mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

实验软件

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1zFL_PF2J_cEJBCUUPbf3Hg?pwd=0elw 提取码：0elw 2024.4.20-实战：Centos7配置mysql多实例-2024.4.20(测试成功)

下载mysql安装包

进入官网下载专用的mysql安装包，专用的才支持多实例

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

确保无旧的mysql环境

配置mysql安装环境，首先确保你已经卸载全部之前安装过的mysql文件

1# 卸载方法
2yum list installed | grep mysql
3yum remove -y mysql-server

上传安装包并解压

上传安装包到你的虚拟机或者服务器：

1[root@vm-template ~]#ll -h
2total 647M
3-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 647M Apr 20 15:12 mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解压然后移动到本地要安装的文件夹

1tar -xf mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2mv mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

编写my.cnf配置文件

 1#先备份
 2cp /etc/my.cnf{,.bak}
 3
 4vim /etc/my.cnf
 5
 6[mysqld_multi]
 7mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
 8mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
 9user = root
10
11[mysqld1]
12datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld1
13port = 3306
14log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.err
15pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.pid
16socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock
17
18[mysqld2]
19datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld2
20port = 3307
21log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.err
22pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.pid
23socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock

创建工作目录

1mkdir -p /mysqlmul/mysqld1
2mkdir -p /mysqlmul/mysqld2

将mysql添加到环境变量

1vim /etc/profile
2
3export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
4
5##生效
6source /etc/profile

新建MySQL用户

1useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

启动第一台

1mysqld_multi start 1

接下来拿着这个生成的密码登录mysql:

1 mysql -uroot -p'gFIA/htj*7ho' -S /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock

在修改当前的用户密码就可以:

1alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xyy520';
2flush privileges;

启动第二台

1mysqld_multi start 2

同样，修改密码即可：

1mysql -uroot -p'J%oRIn&8sdpX' -S /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock
2
3alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xyy520';
4flush privileges;

验证

接下来验证可以看到3306，3307 端口都在listen 实验成功：

再测试

关闭mysql实例

1[root@vm-template ~]#mysqld_multi stop 1
2[root@vm-template ~]#mysqld_multi stop 2
3[root@vm-template ~]#mysqld_multi stop 3

这个方法无法停止mysql实例哦……，只能使用mysqladmin来停止实例了……😒

业务开机自启脚本😒
且这些实例都是以root身份运行的……

以上3个问题后续再看吧，本次到此结束。😂

扩展

在原基础上添加一个或多个实例

 1 1，首先编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，添加新的实列配置就可以，配置如下
 2 vim /etc/my.cnf
 3
 4 [mysqld_multi]
 5mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
 6mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
 7user = root
 8
 9[mysqld1]
10datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld1
11port = 3306
12log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.err
13pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.pid
14socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock
15
16[mysqld2]
17datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld2
18port = 3307
19log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.err
20pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.pid
21socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock
22
23[mysqld3]
24datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld3
25port = 3308
26log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.err
27pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.pid
28socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.sock
29
30##创建目录
31mkdir -p /mysqlmul/mysqld3
32
332，再重新按照以下命令启动就可以 密码配置同上面的配置就可以
34mysqld_multi start  3
35
36mysql -uroot -p'tz?jL>ul3x%%' -S /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.sock
37
38alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xyy520';
39flush privileges;

验证可以看见由两台实例变为三台实例:

FAQ

参考文档

感谢这位博主的详细文档哦：😘

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_56796630/article/details/132433854

其它

以下方法，自己测试一直有问题，这里仅仅做记录：

实战案例：CentOS 7 实现MySQL的多实例

 1yum install mariadb-server
 2Systemctl start mariadb
 3
 4mkdir  -pv /mysql/{3306,3307,3308}/{data,etc,socket,log,bin,pid}
 5chown  -R mysql.mysql /mysql
 6
 7mysql_install_db  --datadir=/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql
 8mysql_install_db  --datadir=/mysql/3307/data --user=mysql
 9mysql_install_db  --datadir=/mysql/3308/data --user=mysql
10
11cp /etc/my.cnf /mysql/3306/etc/
12vim /mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf
13[mysqld]
14#加此行，如果port是3306可省略此行
15port=3306  
16datadir=/mysql/3306/data/
17socket=/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
18[mysqld_safe]
19log-error=/mysql/3306/log/mariadb.log
20pid-file=/mysql/3306/pid/mariadb.pid
21#重复上面步骤设置3307，3308
22
23vim /mysql/3306/bin/mysqld
24#!/bin/bash
25port=3306
26mysql_user="root"
27mysql_pwd="magedu"
28cmd_path="/usr/bin"
29mysql_basedir="/mysql"
30mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
31function_start_mysql()
32{
33    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
34     printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
35      ${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaultsfile=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
36    else
37     printf "MySQL is running...\n"
38      exit
39    fi
40}
41function_stop_mysql()
42{
43    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
44       printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
45       exit
46    else
47       printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
48       ${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock}
49shutdown
50   fi
51}
52function_restart_mysql()
53{
54   printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
55   function_stop_mysql
56    sleep 2
57   function_start_mysql
58}
59case $1 in
60start)
61   function_start_mysql
62;;
63stop)
64   function_stop_mysql
65;;
66restart)
67   function_restart_mysql
68;;
69*)
70   printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
71esac
72#重复上述过程，分别建立3307，3308的启动脚本    
73    
74    
75    
76/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld  start
77/mysql/3307/bin/mysqld  start
78/mysql/3308/bin/mysqld  start
79
80/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld  start
81mysql -uroot -S /mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
82mariadb>show variables like ‘port’  #确认连接的端口
83
84mysqladmin -uroot -S /mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock password 'magedu'  #加上新口令
85#或者登录mysql,执行下面也可以
86Mariadb>update mysql.user set password=password(“centos”) where user=’root’;
87Mariadb>flush privileges;
88#重复步骤，分别修改别外两个实例3307，3308对应root口令
89
90mysql -uroot -S /mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock –p #提示输入口令才能登录